What is it?

This happens when a speaker or writer uses a name, acronym, or concept that is not explained and is likely to be unfamiliar to the audience. It can make the communication confusing and inaccessible.

Examples

How to Avoid This

Know your audience. Define any terms or references that they might not be familiar with. Avoid jargon when speaking to a general audience. Provide context for your references.

How to Counter This

Ask for clarification. 'Could you explain what the Smith-Jones Act is?' Don't be afraid to admit you don't know something. It's the speaker's responsibility to be clear.