False Dilemma
Category: Logical Fallacy
What is it?
A false dilemma (also called false dichotomy or black-and-white thinking) occurs when someone presents a situation as having only two possible outcomes or solutions, when in reality there are more options available. It artificially limits the range of possible solutions.
Examples
Person A: 'Either we cut education funding, or we'll go bankrupt.'
Person B: 'You're either with us or against us.'
How to Avoid This
Consider whether there might be additional options beyond the ones initially presented. Complex issues rarely have only two possible solutions or perspectives.
How to Counter This
Point out additional options that exist beyond the two presented. You might say, 'Those aren't the only two possibilities. We could also consider...'